[14] Ross Terrill，Mao：a Biography（New York 1980），53.
[15] Roger Garside，Coming Alive：China After Mao（London 1981），45.
[16] Roger Garside，Coming Alive：China After Mao（London 1981），46-7.
[17] Robert Jay Lifton，Revolutionary Immortality（London 1969），72-3.
[18] Roger Garside，Coming Alive：China After Mao（London 1981），50.
[19] Bill Brugger，China：Liberation and Transformation 1942-1962（New Jersey 1981），44-55.
[20] Stuart Schram，The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung（London 1964），267，footnote；see Jacques Guillermaz，La Chine Populaire（3rd ed.，Paris 1964）.
[21] Robert jay Lifton，Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism：a Study of Brainwashing in China（New York 1961），chapter 19.
[22] Stuart Schram，The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung（London 1964），271 footnote.
[23] Stuart Schram，The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung（London 1964），277.
[24] Strobe Talbot（ed.），Khrushchev Remembers：the Last Testament（London 1974），272.
[25] Jerome A. Cohen，‘The criminal process in the People’s Republic of China：an introduction’，Harvard Law Review，January 1966.
[26] Editorials，Peking Review，6，13，20 September 1963.
[27] Quoted Stuart Schram，The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung（London 1964），253.
[28] Bill Brugger，China：Liberation and Transformation 1942-1962（New Jersey 1981），174ff.
[29] Strobe Talbot（ed.），Khrushchev Remembers：the Last Testament（London 1974），272-8.
[30] Bill Brugger，China：Liberation and Transformation 1942-1962（New Jersey 1981），212.
[31] K.Walker，Planning in Chinese Agriculture：Socialization and the Private Sector 1956-62（London 1965），444-5.
[32] Bill Brugger，China：Radicalism and Revisionism 1962-1972（New Jersey 1981），36.
[33] Bill Brugger，China：Radicalism and Revisionism 1962-1972（New Jersey 1981），47.
[34] Colin Mackerras，The Chinese Theatre in Modern Times（Amherst，Mass.，1975）.
[35] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），383.
[36] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），158-9.
[37] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），309-10.
[38] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），312-14.
[39] Ross Terrill，Mao：a Biography（New York 1980），305 footnote.
[40] Ross Terrill，Mao：a Biography（New York 1980），304-9.
[41] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），318.
[42] For the long-term origins of the Cultural Revolution，see Roderick MacFarquhar，The Origins of the Cultural Revolution，1 Contradictions Among the People 1956-7（London 1974）.
[43] China Quarterly，45.
[44] Terrill，Mao，315.
[45] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），320，356ff.
[46] Naranarayan Das，China’s Hundred Weeds：a Study of the Anti-Rightist Campaign in China 1957-1958（Calcutta 1979）；Roger Garside，Coming Alive：China After Mao（London 1981），69.
[47] Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），388.
[48] Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），226.
[49] Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），211.
[50] Roger Garside，Coming Alive：China After Mao（London 1981），70，91；Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），379；Terrill，Mao，315；Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），226ff.
[51] Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），221-4.
[52] Anita Chan，et al.，‘Students and class warfare：the social roots of the Red Guard conflict in Guangzhon（Canton）’，China Quarterly，83，September 1980.
[53] Jack Chen，Inside the Cultural Revolution（London 1976），228-31.
[54] See Simon Leys in The Times Literary Supplement，6 March 1981，259-60.
[55] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），324-5.
[56] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），328.
[57] William Hinton，Hundred Days War：the Cultural Revolution at Tsinghua University（New York 1972），101-4.
[58] Terrill，Mao，319.
[59] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），388-90.
[60] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），435.
[61] Roxane Witke，Comrade Chiang Ching（London 1977），391-2，402.
[62] Parris Chang，‘Shanghai and Chinese politics before and after the Cultural Revolution’in Christopher Howe（ed.），Shanghai（Cambridge 1981）.
[63] Philip Bridgham，‘Mao’s Cultural Revolution in 1967’in Richard Baum and Louis Bennett（eds），China in Ferment（Yale 1971），134-5；Thomas Robinson，‘Chou En-lai and the Cultural Revolution in China’in Baum and Bennett（eds），The Cultural Revolution in China（Berkeley 1971），239-50.
